5
मेरे पास एक मूल लाइब्रेरी है जिसका उपयोग मैं ओपनजीएल टेक्स्ट को पेंट करने के लिए करता हूं और जब भी मैं यह सुनिश्चित करने के लिए वाल्ग्रिंड का उपयोग करता हूं कि यह हवा तंग है। मुझे एक असामान्य त्रुटि मिलती है जो मुझे लगता है जैसे लिनक्स सी ++ पुस्तकालय दोषपूर्ण हैं। मैं देखना चाहता हूं कि क्या आप या तो मेरी त्रुटि को खोज सकते हैं या मुझे डरते हैं प्रमाणित कर सकते हैं, और यही है कि मेरे सी ++ पुस्तकालय दोषपूर्ण हैं और उन्हें प्रतिस्थापित करने की आवश्यकता है। कोड बहुत सरल है लेकिन यह ओपनजीएल और फ्री इमेज दोनों का उपयोग करता है, इसलिए कुछ लाइनें समझ में नहीं आतीं।इस वालग त्रुटि का क्या अर्थ है?
#ifndef FONTSYSTEM_H
#define FONTSYSTEM_H
/*
The Font System works by loading all the font images (max image size 32px^2) into memory and storing
the OpenGL texture ID's into an array that can be access at all times. The DrawString() functions will
search through the string for the specified character requested to draw and then it will draw a quad
and paint the texture on it. Since all the images are pre-loaded, no loading of the images at load time
is necessary, this is memory consuming but efficiant for the CPU. ALL functions WILL return a character
string specifing errors or success. A function will work as long as it can and when an error happens,
unless the error is fatal, the functions will NOT rollback changes! This ensures that during testing, a
very certain bug can be spotted.
*/
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <GL/gl.h>
#include <GL/glu.h>
#include <GL/glext.h>
#include <FreeImage.h>
#define REPORT(x) (std::cout<<x)
#define TIME clock()
class CFont
{
public:
CFont();
~CFont();
void DrawString(char *apString, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY);
void DrawString(long anNumber, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY);
void SetPath(char avPath[]);
void SetupFont(); // This function will load as many images as possible into memory.
private:
GLuint *mpTextIDs;
int *mpDrawIDs;
char *mpPath;
public:
CFont(const CFont& a):
mpTextIDs(a.mpTextIDs),
mpDrawIDs(a.mpDrawIDs),
mpPath(a.mpPath)
{
std::copy(a.mpTextIDs, a.mpTextIDs+128, mpTextIDs);
std::copy(a.mpDrawIDs, a.mpDrawIDs+128, mpDrawIDs);
std::copy(a.mpPath, a.mpPath + strlen(a.mpPath), mpPath);
}
CFont& operator=(const CFont& a)
{
GLuint *iTmpTex = new GLuint[128];
int *iTmpDraw = new int[1024];
char *vTmpPath = new char[4096];
delete[] mpTextIDs;
delete[] mpDrawIDs;
delete[] mpPath;
std::copy(a.mpTextIDs, a.mpTextIDs+128, iTmpTex);
std::copy(a.mpDrawIDs, a.mpDrawIDs+128, iTmpDraw);
std::copy(a.mpPath, a.mpPath + strlen(a.mpPath), vTmpPath);
mpTextIDs = iTmpTex;
mpDrawIDs = iTmpDraw;
mpPath = vTmpPath;
return *this;
}
};
#endif // FONTSYSTEM_H
fontsystem.cpp है:
#include "fontsystem.h"
CFont::CFont()
{
mpTextIDs = new GLuint[128];
mpDrawIDs = new int[1024];
mpPath = new char[4096];
}
CFont::~CFont()
{
delete[] mpTextIDs;
delete[] mpDrawIDs;
delete[] mpPath;
}
void CFont::DrawString(char *apString, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY)
{
// Sanity check!
if(apString == NULL)
{
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Drawing string is NULL! <Font System>\n");
return;
}
if(aiLetterSize <= 0)
{
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Letter size is less than zero! <Font System>\n");
return;
}
// Search the string from most significant character to least significant.
int iSelectIndex = 0;
int iNumOfSymb = 0;
for(size_t i = 0; apString[i] != '\0'; ++i)
{
iSelectIndex = apString[i] >= '0' && apString[i] <= '9' ? (apString[i] - '0') :
apString[i] >= 'A' && apString[i] <= 'Z' ? (apString[i] - 'A' + 10) :
apString[i] >= 'a' && apString[i] <= 'z' ? (apString[i] - 'a' + 10) :
apString[i] == ' ' ? 36 : // This is a special case, This see's if the current character is a space or not.
-1;
if(iSelectIndex == -1)
{
return;
}
// Add the current selected character to the drawing array.
mpDrawIDs[i] = iSelectIndex;
++iNumOfSymb;
}
// Go through and draw each and every character.
for(size_t i = 0; apString[i] != '\0'/*static_cast<size_t>(iNumOfSymb)*/; ++i)
{
// Paint each qaud with the X,Y coordinates. After each quad has been successfully drawn,
// Add the size to the X coordinate. NOTE: Each character is square!!!
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mpTextIDs[(uint)apString[i]]);
int yPos = apString[i] != 'q' || apString[i] != 'j' || apString[i] != 'y' ? aiY : aiY + (aiLetterSize/2);
glBegin(GL_QUADS);
glTexCoord2d(0, 0);
glVertex2d(aiX, yPos);
glTexCoord2d(1, 0);
glVertex2d(aiX + aiLetterSize, yPos);
glTexCoord2d(1, 1);
glVertex2d(aiX + aiLetterSize, yPos + aiLetterSize);
glTexCoord2d(0, 1);
glVertex2d(aiX, yPos + aiLetterSize);
glEnd();
// Now, increase the X position by the size.
aiX += aiLetterSize;
}
}
void CFont::DrawString(long anNumber, int aiLetterSize, int aiX, int aiY)
{
// Sanity Check!
if(aiLetterSize <= 0)
{
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Letter size is less than zero! <Font System>\n");
return;
}
// Convert the supplied number to a character string via snprintf().
char *vTempString = new char[1024];
snprintf(vTempString, 1024, "%ld", anNumber);
// Next, run DrawString().
DrawString(vTempString, aiLetterSize, aiX, aiY);
}
void CFont::SetupFont()
{
// First Load The PNG file holding the font.
FreeImage_Initialise(false);
FIBITMAP *spBitmap = FreeImage_Load(FIF_PNG, mpPath, BMP_DEFAULT);
if(!spBitmap)
{
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: Was Unable to opne/decode font bitmap! <FreeImage>\n");
return;
}
// Do an image sanity check.
if(!FreeImage_HasPixels(spBitmap))
{
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Error: The font bitmap contains nothing! <FreeImage>\n");
return;
}
// Retrieve all the image data from FreeImage.
unsigned char *pData = FreeImage_GetBits(spBitmap);
int iWidth = FreeImage_GetWidth(spBitmap);
int iHeight = FreeImage_GetHeight(spBitmap);
size_t const ciCharWidth = iHeight;
size_t const ciCharHeight = iHeight;
// Cutup the PNG.
int iFontElementSize = (ciCharWidth*ciCharHeight)*4; // The first two numbers, are the dimensions fo the element, the last number (4) is the number of color channels (Red Green Blue and Alpha)
unsigned char *pElemBuff = new unsigned char[iFontElementSize]; // The temporary element buffer.
// Create all 37 OpenGL textures. 0-9 and A-Z and finally space (' ')
glGenTextures(128, mpTextIDs);
for (size_t iCharIdx = 0; 128 > iCharIdx; ++iCharIdx)
{
// Create character texture.
size_t const ciScanOfst = ciCharWidth * iCharIdx * 4;
for (size_t iScanLineIdx = 0; ciCharHeight > iScanLineIdx; ++iScanLineIdx)
{
memcpy(pElemBuff + ciCharWidth * iScanLineIdx * 4,
pData + ciScanOfst + iWidth * (ciCharHeight - iScanLineIdx - 1) * 4,
ciCharWidth * 4);
}
// Create The OpenGL Texture with the current Element.
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, mpTextIDs[iCharIdx]);
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, 32, 32, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, pElemBuff);
// Create the correct texture environment to the current texture.
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_GENERATE_MIPMAP, GL_TRUE);
}
// Do a little house cleaning!
delete[] pElemBuff;
FreeImage_Unload(spBitmap);
FreeImage_DeInitialise();
REPORT("{Gfx}["<< TIME<< "]Information: Font was created succesfully! <Font System>\n");
}
void CFont::SetPath(char avPath[])
{
mpPath = avPath;
}
वेलग्रिंड रिपोर्ट निम्नलिखित:
Starting the FontSystem...
FontSystem Started!
==5058== Invalid free()/delete/delete[]/realloc()
==5058== at 0x402A8DC: operator delete[](void*) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==5058== by 0x8048F03: CFont::~CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:14)
==5058== by 0x8048DE0: main (main.cpp:13)
==5058== Address 0x804972f is not stack'd, malloc'd or (recently) free'd
==5058==
==5058==
==5058== HEAP SUMMARY:
==5058== in use at exit: 4,172 bytes in 3 blocks
==5058== total heap usage: 153 allocs, 151 frees, 135,457 bytes allocated
==5058==
==5058== 20 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 1 of 3
==5058== at 0x402A5E6: calloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==5058== by 0x64DB3AD: _dlerror_run (dlerror.c:142)
==5058== by 0x444EC64: ??? (in /usr/lib/libGL.so.295.59)
==5058==
==5058== 56 bytes in 1 blocks are still reachable in loss record 2 of 3
==5058== at 0x402BE68: malloc (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==5058== by 0x442860E: ??? (in /usr/lib/libGL.so.295.59)
==5058== by 0xBE872481: ???
==5058== by 0x4E45504E: ???
==5058==
==5058== 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks are definitely lost in loss record 3 of 3
==5058== at 0x402B454: operator new[](unsigned int) (in /usr/lib/valgrind/vgpreload_memcheck-x86-linux.so)
==5058== by 0x8048EAC: CFont::CFont() (fontsystem.cpp:7)
==5058== by 0x8048D68: main (main.cpp:7)
==5058==
==5058== LEAK SUMMARY:
==5058== definitely lost: 4,096 bytes in 1 blocks
==5058== indirectly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==5058== possibly lost: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==5058== still reachable: 76 bytes in 2 blocks
==5058== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==5058==
==5058== ERROR SUMMARY: 2 errors from 2 contexts (suppressed: 0 from 0)
मुझे आशा है कि आप लोग मेरे साथ मदद कर सकते हैं
यहाँ fontsystem.h है ऐसा इसलिए है क्योंकि ये मेरे सभी कार्यक्रमों में सामान्य त्रुटियां हैं। और एक कोडर के रूप में, मुझे सूक्ष्म, अभी तक बुरा, त्रुटियों की तरह बहुत कुछ नहीं है।
यह पता चला है कि 'void CFont :: SetPath (char *)' फ़ंक्शन त्रुटियों का कारण बन रहा था। यह मजाकिया है कि इस तरह की छोटी सी चीजें ऐसी अजीब और क्रिप्ट त्रुटियों का कारण बन सकती हैं। मैंने अब इसे बदल दिया है: 'शून्य सीएफओटी :: सेटपाथ (char * avpath) { जोर दें (avpath! = NULL); यदि (एमपीपीएथ == एनयूएलएल) { एमपीपीथ = नया चार [40 9 6]; } std :: प्रतिलिपि (avpath, avpath + strlen (avpath), mpPath); } ' – user1787379
हां, यह सही लगता है (माना जाता है कि 'avpath' स्ट्रिंग टर्मिनल' \ x0' सहित 4096 वर्णों से अधिक नहीं है)। और, शायद कहने की जरूरत नहीं है, सबसे अच्छा समाधान चरित्र सरणी से दूर करना होगा, और इसके बजाय 'std :: string' का उपयोग करना होगा। – jogojapan